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The Washington Constitution

* TBD wrote/added section titles for numerous constitutional passages (see disclaimer)!
Introduction
PassageTitle
Entire Article(Introduction)
PrefaceThe Preface to the Washington Constitution
PreamleThe Preamble to the Washington Constitution
Article I: Declaration of Rights
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle I (Declaration of Rights)
Art. I §1Political Power
Art. I §2Supreme Law of the Land
Art. I §3Personal Rights
Art. I §4Right of Petition and Assemblage
Art. I §5Freedom of Speech
Art. I §6Oaths - Mode of Administering
Art. I §7Invasion of Private Affairs or Home Prohibited.
Art. I §8Irrevocable Privilege, Franchise or Immunity Prohibited.
Art. I §9Rights of Accused Persons
Art. I §10Administration of Justice
Art. I §11Religious Freedom
Art. I §12Special Privileges and Immunities Prohibited
Art. I §13Habeas Corpus
Art. I §14Excessive Bail, Fines and Punishments
Art. I §15Convictions, Effect Of
Art. I §16Eminent Domain
Art. I §17Imprisonment for Debt
Art. I §18Military Power, Limitation Of
Art. I §19Freedom of Elections
Art. I §20Bail, When Authorized
Art. I §21Trial by Jury
Art. I §22Rights of the Accused
Art. I §23Bill of Attainder, Ex Post Facto Law, etc.
Art. I §24Right to Bear Arms
Art. I §25Prosecution by Information
Art. I §26Grand Jury
Art. I §27Treason, Defined, etc.
Art. I §28Hereditary Privileges Abolished
Art. I §29Constitution Mandatory
Art. I §30Rights Reserved
Art. I §31Standing Army
Art. I §32Fundamental Principles
Art. I §33Recall of Elective Officers
Art. I §34Same
Art. I §35Victims of Crimes — Rights
Article II: Legislative Department
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle II (Legislative Department)
Art. II §1Legislative Powers, Where Vested
Art. II §1aInitiative and Referendum, Signatures Required.
Art. II §2House of Representatives and Senate
Art. II §3The Census
Art. II §4Election of Representatives and Term of Office
Art. II §5Elections, When to be Held
Art. II §6Election and Term of Office of Senators
Art. II §7Qualifications of Legislators
Art. II §8Judges of Their Own Election and Qualification - Quorum
Art. II §9Rules of Procedure
Art. II §10Election of Officers
Art. II §11Journal, Publicity of Meetings - Adjournments
Art. II §12Sessions, When — Duration
Art. II §13Limitation on Members Holding Office in the State
Art. II §14Same, Federal or Other Office
Art. II §15Vacancies in Legislature and in Partisan County Elective Office
Art. II §16Privileges from Arrest
Art. II §17Freedom of Debate
Art. II §18Style of Laws
Art. II §19Bill to Contain One Subject
Art. II §20Origin and Amendment of Bills
Art. II §21Yeas and Nays
Art. II §22Passage of Bills
Art. II §23Compensation of Members
Art. II §24Lotteries and Divorce
Art. II §25Extra Compensation Prohibited
Art. II §26Suits Against the State
Art. II §27Elections — Viva Voce Vote
Art. II §28Special Legislation
Art. II §29Convict Labor
Art. II §30Bribery or Corrupt Solicitation
Art. II §31Laws, When to Take Effect
Art. II §32Laws, How Signed.
Art. II §33Alien Ownership
Art. II §34Bureau of Statistics, Agriculture and Immigration
Art. II §35Protection of Employees
Art. II §36When Bills Must be Introduced
Art. II §37Revision or Amendment
Art. II §38Limitation on Amendments
Art. II §39Free Transportation to Public Officer Prohibited
Art. II §40Highway Funds
Art. II §41Laws, Effective Date, Initiative, Referendum —Amendment or Repeal
Art. II §42Governmental Continuity During Emergency Periods
Art. II §43Redistricting
Article III: The Executive
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle III (The Executive)
Art. III §1Executive Department
Art. III §2Governor, Term of Office
Art. III §3Other Executive Officers, Terms of Office
Art. III §4Returns of Elections, Canvass, etc.
Art. III §5General Duties of Governor.
Art. III §6Messages
Art. III §7Extra Legislative Sessions
Art. III §8Commander-In-Chief
Art. III §9Pardoning Power
Art. III §10Vacancy in Office of Governor
Art. III §11Remission of Fines and Forfeitures
Art. III §12Veto Powers
Art. III §13Vacancy in Appointive Office
Art. III §14Salary
Art. III §15Commissions, How Issued.
Art. III §16Lieutenant Governor, Duties and Salary
Art. III §17Secretary of State, Duties and Salary
Art. III §18Seal
Art. III §19State Treasurer, Duties and Salary
Art. III §20State Auditor, Duties and Salary
Art. III §21Attorney General, Duties and Salary
Art. III §22Superintendent of Public Instruction, Duties and Salary
Art. III §23Commissioner of Public Lands — Compensation
Art. III §24Records, Where Kept, etc.
Art. III §25Qualifications, Compensation, Offices Which May be Abolished
Article IV: The Judiciary
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle IV (The Judiciary)
Art. IV §1Judicial Power, Where Vested
Art. IV §2Supreme Court.
Art. IV §2aTemporary Performance of Judicial Duties
Art. IV §3Election and Terms of Supreme Court Judges
Art. IV §3aRetirement of Supreme Court and Superior Court Judges
Art. IV §4Jurisdiction
Art. IV §5Superior Court — Election of Judges, Terms Of, etc.
Art. IV §6Jurisdiction of Superior Courts
Art. IV §7Exchange of Judges — Judge Pro Tempore
Art. IV §8Absence of Judicial Officer
Art. IV §9Removal of Judges, Attorney General, etc.
Art. IV §10Justices of the Peace
Art. IV §11Courts of Record
Art. IV §12Inferior Courts
Art. IV §13Salaries of Judicial Officers — How Paid, etc.
Art. IV §14Salaries of Supreme and Superior Court Judges
Art. IV §15Ineligibility of Judges
Art. IV §16Charging Juries
Art. IV §17Eligibility of Judges
Art. IV §18Supreme Court Reporter
Art. IV §19Judges May Not Practice Law
Art. IV §20Decisions, When to be Made
Art. IV §21Publication of Opinions
Art. IV §22Clerk of the Supreme Court
Art. IV §23Court Commissioners
Art. IV §24Rules for Superior Courts
Art. IV §25Reports of Superior Court Judges
Art. IV §26Clerk of the Superior Court
Art. IV §27Style of Process
Art. IV §28Oath of Judges
Art. IV §29Election of Superior Court Judges
Art. IV §30Court of Appeals
Art. IV §31Commission on Judicial Conduct
Article V: Impeachment
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle V (Impeachment)
Art. V §1Impeachment - Power of and Procedure.
Art. V §2Officers Liable To
Art. V §3Removal from Office
Article VI: Elections and Elective Rights
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle VI (Elections and Elective Rights)
Art. VI §1Qualifications of Electors
Art. VI §1AVoter Qualifications for Presidential Elections
Art. VI §2School Elections — Franchise, How Extended
Art. VI §3Who Disqualified
Art. VI §4Residence, Contingencies Affecting
Art. VI §5When Privileged from Arrest
Art. VI §6Ballot
Art. VI §7Registration
Art. VI §8Elections, Time of Holding
Article VII: Revenue and Taxation
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle VII (Revenue and Taxation)
Art. VII §1Taxation
Art. VII §2Limitation on Levies
Art. VII §3Taxation of Federal Agencies and Property
Art. VII §4No Surrender of Power or Suspension of Tax on Corporate Property
Art. VII §5Taxes, How Levied
Art. VII §6Taxes, How Paid
Art. VII §7Annual Statement
Art. VII §8Tax to Cover Deficiencies
Art. VII §9Special Assessments or Taxation for Local Improvements
Art. VII §10Retired Persons Property Tax Exemption
Art. VII §11Taxation Based on Actual Use
Art. VII §12Budget Stabilization Account
Article VIII: State, County, and Municipal Indebtedness
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle VIII (State, County, and Municipal Indebtedness)
Art. VIII §1State Debt
Art. VIII §2Powers Extended in Certain Cases
Art. VIII §3Special Indebtedness, How Authorized
Art. VIII §4Moneys Disbursed Only by Appropriations
Art. VIII §5Credit Not to be Loaned
Art. VIII §6Limitations Upon Municipal Indebtedness
Art. VIII §7Credit Not to be Loaned
Art. VIII §8Port Expenditures — Industrial Development — Promotion
Art. VIII §9State Building Authority
Art. VIII §10Energy, Water, or Stormwater or Sewer Services Conservation Assistance
Art. VIII §11Agricultural Commodity Assessments — Development, Promotion, and Hosting
Article IX: Education
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle IX (Education)
Art. IX §1Provisions for Education
Art. IX §2Public School System
Art. IX §3Funds for Support
Art. IX §4Sectarian Control or Influence Prohibited
Art. IX §5Loss of Permanent Fund to Become State Debt
Article X: Militia
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle X (Militia)
Art. X §1Who Liable to Military Duty
Art. X §2Organization — Discipline — Officers — Power to Call Out
Art. X §3Soldiers' Home
Art. X §4Public Arms
Art. X §5Privilege from Arrest
Art. X §6Exemption from Military Duty
Article XI: County, City, and Township Organization
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XI (County, City, and Township Organization)
Art. XI §1Existing Counties Recognized.
Art. XI §2County Seats — Location and Removal
Art. XI §3New Counties
Art. XI §4County Government and Township Organization
Art. XI §5County Government
Art. XI §6Vacancies in Township, Precinct or Road District Office
Art. XI §7Tenure of Office Limited to Two Terms
Art. XI §8Salaries and Limitations Affecting
Art. XI §9State Taxes Not to be Released or Commuted
Art. XI §10Incorporation of Municipalities
Art. XI §11Police and Sanitary Regulations
Art. XI §12Assessment and Collection of Taxes in Municipalities
Art. XI §13Private Property, When May be Taken for Public Debt
Art. XI §14Private Use of Public Funds Prohibited
Art. XI §15Deposit of Public Funds
Art. XI §16Combined City-County
Article XII: Corporations Other Than Municipal
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XII (Corporations Other Than Municipal)
Art. XII §1Corporations, How Formed
Art. XII §2Existing Charters
Art. XII §3Existing Charters Not to be Extended nor Forfeiture Remitted
Art. XII §4Liability of Stockholders
Art. XII §5Term "Corporation," Defined — Right to Sue and be Sued
Art. XII §6Limitations Upon Issuance of Stock
Art. XII §7Foreign Corporations
Art. XII §8Alienation of Franchise Not to Release Liabilities
Art. XII §9State Not to Loan Its Credit or Subscribe for Stock
Art. XII §10Eminent Domain Affecting
Art. XII §11Stockholder Liability
Art. XII §12Receiving Deposits by Bank After Insolvency
Art. XII §13Common Carriers, Regulation Of
Art. XII §14Prohibition Against Combinations by Carriers
Art. XII §15Prohibition Against Discriminating Charges
Art. XII §16Prohibition Against Consolidating of Competing Lines
Art. XII §17Rolling Stock, Personalty for Purpose of Taxation
Art. XII §18Rates for Transportation
Art. XII §19Telegraph and Telephone Companies
Art. XII §20Prohibition Against Free Transportation for Public Officers
Art. XII §21Express Companies
Art. XII §22Monopolies and Trusts
Article XIII: State Institutions
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XIII (State Institutions)
Art. XIII §1Educational, Reformatory, and Penal Institutions
Article XIV: Seat of Government
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XIV (Seat of Government)
Art. XIV §1State Capital, Location Of
Art. XIV §2Change of State Capital
Art. XIV §3Restrictions on Appropriations for Capitol Buildings
Article XV: Harbors and Tide Waters
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XV (Harbors and Tide Waters)
Art. XV §1Harbor Line Commission and Restraint on Disposition
Art. XV §2Leasing and Maintenance of Wharves, Docks, etc.
Art. XV §3Extension of Streets Over Tide Lands
Article XVI: School and Granted Lands
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XVI (School and Granted Lands)
Art. XVI §1Disposition Of
Art. XVI §2Manner and Terms of Sale
Art. XVI §3Limitations on Sales
Art. XVI §4How Much May be Offered in Certain Cases — Platting Of
Art. XVI §5Investment of Permanent Common School Fund
Art. XVI §6Investment of Higher Education Permanent Funds
Article XVII: Tide Lands
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XVII (Tide Lands)
Art. XVII §1Declaration of State Ownership
Art. XVII §2Disclaimer of Certain Lands
Article XVIII: State Seal
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XVIII (State Seal)
Art. XVIII §1Seal of the State
Article XIX: Exemptions
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XIX (Exemptions)
Art. XIX §1Exemptions — Homesteads, etc.
Article XX: Public Health and Vital Statistics
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XX (Public Health and Vital Statistics)
Art. XX §1Board of Health and Bureau of Vital Statistics.
Art. XX §2Regulations Concerning Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy
Article XXI: Water and Water Rights
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXI (Water and Water Rights)
Art. XXI §1Public Use of Water
Article XXII: Legislative Apportionment
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXII (Legislative Apportionment)
Art. XXII §1Senatorial Apportionment
Art. XXII §2Apportionment of Representatives
Article XXIII: Amendments
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXIII (Amendments)
Art. XXIII §1How Made
Art. XXIII §2Constitutional Conventions
Art. XXIII §3Submission to the People
Article XXIV: Boundaries
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXIV (Boundaries)
Art. XXIV §1State Boundaries
Article XXV: Jurisdiction
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXV (Jurisdiction)
Art. XXV §1Authority of the United States
Article XXVI: Compact with the United States
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXVI (Compact with the United States)
Art. XXVI §0Compact with the United States
Article XXVII: Schedule
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXVII (Schedule)
Art. XXVII §0Introduction to Article 27
Art. XXVII §1Existing Rights, Actions, and Contracts Saved
Art. XXVII §2Laws in Force Continued
Art. XXVII §3Debts, Fines, etc., to Inure to the State
Art. XXVII §4Recognizances
Art. XXVII §5Criminal Prosecutions and Penal Actions
Art. XXVII §6Retention of Territorial Officers
Art. XXVII §7Constitutional Officers, When Elected
Art. XXVII §8Change of Courts - Transfer of Causes
Art. XXVII §9Seals of Courts and Municipalities
Art. XXVII §10Probate Court, Transfer Of
Art. XXVII §11Duties of First Legislature
Art. XXVII §12Election Contests for Superior Judges, How Decided
Art. XXVII §13Representation in Congress
Art. XXVII §14Duration of Term of Certain Officers
Art. XXVII §15Election on Adoption of Constitution, How to be Conducted
Art. XXVII §16When Constitution to Take Effect
Art. XXVII §17Separate Articles
Art. XXVII §18Ballot
Art. XXVII §19Appropriation
Article XXVIII: Compensation of State Officers
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXVIII (Compensation of State Officers)
Art. XXVIII §1Salaries for Legislature, Elected State Officials, and Judges — Independent Commission — Referendum
Article XXIX: Investments of Public Pension and Retirement Funds
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXIX (Investments of Public Pension and Retirement Funds)
Art. XXIX §1May be Invested as Authorized by Law
Article XXXX: Compensation of Public Officers
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXXX (Compensation of Public Officers)
Art. XXX §1Authorizing Compensation Increase During Term
Article XXXXI: Sex Equality - Rights and Responsibilities
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXXXI (Sex Equality - Rights and Responsibilities)
Art. XXXI §1Equality Not Denied Because of Sex
Art. XXXI §2Enforcement Power of Legislature
Article XXXXII: Special Revenue Financing
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXXXII (Special Revenue Financing)
Art. XXXII §1Special Revenue Financing
Certificate
PassageTitle
Entire Article(Certificate)
CertificateCertificate
Constitutional Amendments
PassageTitle
Entire Article(Constitutional Amendments)
Amendment 0Table of Amendments
Amendment 1Amendment of Art. XVI §5
Amendment 2Amendment of Art. VI §1
Amendment 3Amendment of Art. VII §2
Amendment 4Amendment of Art. I §11
Amendment 5Amendment of Art. VI §1; Deletion of Art. VI §2
Amendment 6Amendment of Art. III §10
Amendment 7Amendment of Art. II §1; Deletion of Art. II §31
Amendment 8Addition of Art. I §33; Addition of Art. I §34
Amendment 9Amendment of Art. I §16
Amendment 10Amendment of Art. I §22
Amendment 11Amendment of Art. VIII §4
Amendment 12Amendment of Art. XI §5
Amendment 13Amendment of Art. II §15
Amendment 14Amendment of Art. VII §1; Deletion of Art. VII §2; Deletion of Art. VII §3; Deletion of Art. VII §4
Amendment 15Amendment of Art. XV §1
Amendment 16Amendment of Art. XII §11
Amendment 17Amendment of Art. VII §2
Amendment 18Addition of Art. II §40
Amendment 19Addition of Art. VII §3
Amendment 20Partial Repeal of Art. II §23; Partial Repeal of Art. III §14; Partial Repeal of Art. III §16; Partial Repeal of Art. III §17; Partial Repeal of Art. III §19; Partial Repeal of Art. III §20; Partial Repeal of Art. III §21; Partial Repeal of Art. III §22
Amendment 21Amendment of Art. XI §4
Amendment 22Repeal of Art. XI §7
Amendment 23Addition of Art. XI §16
Amendment 24Amendment of Art. II §33
Amendment 25Addition of Art. IV §3A
Amendment 26Superseding of Art. II §1C; Addition of Art. II §41
Amendment 27Amendment of Art. VIII §6
Amendment 28Amendment of Art. IV §6; Amendment of Art. IV §10
Amendment 29Amendment of Art. II §33
Amendment 30Addition of Art. II §1A
Amendment 31Amendment of Art. III §25
Amendment 32Amendment of Art. II §15
Amendment 33Amendment of Art. XXIV §1
Amendment 34Amendment of Art. I §11
Amendment 35Amendment of Art. II §25
Amendment 36Addition of Art. II §1E
Amendment 37Amendment of Art. XXIII §1
Amendment 38Addition of Art. IV §2A
Amendment 39Addition of Art. II §42
Amendment 40Amendment of Art. XI §10
Amendment 41Addition of Art. IV §29
Amendment 42Repeal of Art. II §33
Amendment 43Amendment of Art. IX §3
Amendment 44Amendment of Art. XVI §5
Amendment 45Addition of Art. VIII §8
Amendment 46Addition of Art. VI §1A
Amendment 47Addition of Art. VII §10
Amendment 48Amendment of Art. VIII §3
Amendment 49Addition of Art. XXIX §1
Amendment 50Addition of Art. IV §30
Amendment 51Addition of Art. VIII §9
Amendment 52Amendment of Art. II §15; Amendment of Art. XI §6
Amendment 53Addition of Art. VII §11
Amendment 54Partial Repeal of Art. II §25; Partial Repeal of Art. III §25; Partial Repeal of Art. IV §13; Partial Repeal of Art. XI §8; Partial Repeal of Art. XXVIII §1; Addition of Art. XXX §1
Amendment 55Amendment of Art. VII §2
Amendment 56Amendment of Art. II §24
Amendment 57Amendment of Art. XI §5; Amendment of Art. XI §8
Amendment 58Amendment of Art. XI §16
Amendment 59Amendment of Art. VII §2
Amendment 60Amendment of Art. VIII §1; Amendment of Art. VIII §3
Amendment 61Deletion of Art. XXXI §1; Deletion of Art. XXXI §2
Amendment 62Amendment of Art. III §12
Amendment 63Amendment of Art. VI §1
Amendment 64Amendment of Art. VII §2
Amendment 65Amendment of Art. IV §6; Amendment of Art. IV §10
Amendment 66Amendment of Art. XII §18
Amendment 67Repeal of Art. XII §14
Amendment 68Amendment of Art. II §12
Amendment 69Amendment of Art. II §13
Amendment 70Deletion of Art. VIII §10
Amendment 71Deletion of Art. IV §31
Amendment 72Amendment of Art. II §1; Strike of Art. II §1A
Amendment 73Deletion of Art. XXXII §1
Amendment 74Repeal of Art. II §3; Deletion of Art. II §43; Repeal of Art. XXVII §13
Amendment 75Amendment of Art. XXIX §1
Amendment 76Deletion of Art. VIII §11
Amendment 77Amendment of Art. IV §31
Amendment 78Amendment of Art. XXVIII §1
Amendment 79Amendment of Art. VII §2
Amendment 80Amendment of Art. IV §7
Amendment 81Amendment of Art. VII §1
Amendment 82Amendment of Art. VIII §10
Amendment 83Amendment of Art. VI §3; Amendment of Art. XIII §1
Amendment 84Addition of Art. I §35
Amendment 85Amendment of Art. IV §31
Amendment 86Amendment of Art. VIII §10
Amendment 87Amendment of Art. IV §6
Amendment 88Amendment of Art. I §11
Amendment 89Amendment of Art. IV §3
Amendment 90Amendment of Art. VII §2
Amendment 91Amendment of Art. VIII §10
Amendment 92Amendment of Art. VIII §1
Amendment 93Amendment of Art. XXIX §1
Amendment 94Amendment of Art. IV §7
Amendment 95Amendment of Art. VII §2
Amendment 96Amendment of Art. II §15
Amendment 97Amendment of Art. IV §31
Amendment 98Amendment of Art. VII §1
Amendment 99Addition of Art. VII §12
Amendment 100Amendment of Art. II §29
Amendment 101Amendment of Art. VII §2
Amendment 102Amendment of Art. XVI §6
Amendment 103Amendment of Art. VIII §1
Amendment 104Amendment of Art. I §20
Amendment 105Repeal of Art. VI §1A
Amendment 106Amendment of Art. VII §12
Amendment 107Amendment of Art. VIII §1
Amendment 108Amendment of Art. II §43
Amendment 109Amendment of Art. II §42
* TBD wrote/added section titles for numerous constitutional passages (see disclaimer)!
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