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The South Dakota Constitution

Introduction
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleIntroduction
PreambleThe Preamble to the South Dakota Constitution
Article I: Name and Boundary
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle I (Name and Boundary)
Art. I §1Name of State
Art. I §2Boundaries of State
Article II: Division of the Powers of Government
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle II (Division of the Powers of Government)
Art. II §0Division of the Powers of Government
Article III: Legislative Department
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle III (Legislative Department)
Art. III §1Legislative Power--Initiative and Referendum
Art. III §2Number of Legislators--Regular Sessions
Art. III §3Qualifications for Legislative Office--Officers Ineligible
Art. III §4Disqualification for Conviction of Crime--Defaults on Public Money
Art. III §5Legislative Reapportionment
Art. III §6Legislative Terms of Office--Compensation--Regular Sessions
Art. III §7Convening of Annual Sessions
Art. III §8Oath Required of Legislators and Officers--Forfeiture of Office for False Swearing
Art. III §9Each House as Judge of Qualifications--Quorum--Rules of Proceedings--Officers and Employees
Art. III §10Filling Legislative Vacancies
Art. III §11Legislators' Privilege from Arrest--Freedom of Debate
Art. III §12Legislators Ineligible for Other Office--Contracts with State or County
Art. III §13Legislative Journals--Recording of Yeas and Nays
Art. III §14Elections Viva Voce
Art. III §15Open Legislative Sessions--Exception
Art. III §16Adjournment of Legislative Houses
Art. III §17Reading of Bills
Art. III §18Enacting Clause--Assent by Majority--Recording of Votes
Art. III §19Signing of Bills and Resolutions
Art. III §20Origin of Bills--Amendment in Other House
Art. III §21One Subject Expressed in Title
Art. III §22Effective Date of Acts--Emergency Clause
Art. III §23Private and Special Laws Prohibited
Art. III §24Release of Debt to State or Municipality
Art. III §25Games of Chance Prohibited--Exceptions
Art. III §26Municipal Powers Denied to Private Organizations
Art. III §27Suits Against the State
Art. III §28Bribery and Corrupt Solicitation of Officers—Compelling Testimony--Immunity from Prosecution
Art. III §29Legislative Powers in Emergency from Enemy Attack
Art. III §30Power of Committee of Legislature to Suspend Administrative Rules and Regulations
Art. III §31Convening of Special Sessions Upon Petition
Art. III §32Term Limitations for United States Congressmen
Article IV: Executive Department
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle IV (Executive Department)
Art. IV §1Executive Power
Art. IV §2Qualification, Election, and Term
Art. IV §3Powers and Duties of the Governor
Art. IV §4Veto Power
Art. IV §5Powers and Duties of Lieutenant Governor
Art. IV §6Succession of Executive Power
Art. IV §7Other Executive Officers--Powers and Duties
Art. IV §8Reorganization
Art. IV §9Appointment and Removal Power
Art. IV §10Superseded
Art. IV §11Superseded
Art. IV §12Superseded
Art. IV §13Superseded
Article V: Judicial Department
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle V (Judicial Department)
Art. V §1Judicial Powers
Art. V §2Supreme Court
Art. V §3Circuit Courts
Art. V §4Courts of Limited Jurisdiction
Art. V §5Jurisdiction of Courts
Art. V §6Qualifications of Judicial Personnel
Art. V §7Judicial Selection
Art. V §8Selection of the Chief Justice
Art. V §9Qualifications Commission
Art. V §10Restrictions
Art. V §11Administration
Art. V §12Rule-Making Power
Art. V §13Transition
Art. V §14Superseded
Art. V §15Superseded
Art. V §16Superseded
Art. V §17Superseded
Art. V §18Superseded
Art. V §19Superseded
Art. V §20Superseded
Art. V §21Superseded
Art. V §22Superseded
Art. V §23Superseded
Art. V §24Superseded
Art. V §25Superseded
Art. V §26Superseded
Art. V §27Superseded
Art. V §28Superseded
Art. V §29Superseded
Art. V §30Superseded
Art. V §31Superseded
Art. V §32Superseded
Art. V §33Superseded
Art. V §34Superseded
Art. V §35Superseded
Art. V §36Superseded
Art. V §37Superseded
Art. V §38Superseded
Art. V §39Superseded
Article VI: Bill of Rights
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle VI (Bill of Rights)
Art. VI §1Inherent Rights
Art. VI §2Due Process--Right to Work
Art. VI §3Freedom of Religion--Support of Religion Prohibited
Art. VI §4Right of Petition and Peaceable Assembly
Art. VI §5Freedom of Speech--Truth as Defense--Jury Trial
Art. VI §6Jury Trial--Reduced Jury--Three-Fourths Vote
Art. VI §7Rights of Accused
Art. VI §8Right to Bail--Habeas Corpus
Art. VI §9Self-Incrimination--Double Jeopardy
Art. VI §10Indictment or Information--Modification or Abolishment of Grand Jury
Art. VI §11Search and Seizure
Art. VI §12Ex Post Facto Laws--Impairment of Contract Obligations--Privilege or Immunity
Art. VI §13Private Property Not Taken Without Just Compensation--Benefit to Owner--Fee in Highways
Art. VI §14Resident Aliens' Property Rights
Art. VI §15Imprisonment for Debt
Art. VI §16Military Subordinate to Civil Power--Quartering of Soldiers
Art. VI §17Taxation Without Consent--Uniformity
Art. VI §18Equal Privileges or Immunities
Art. VI §19Free and Equal Elections--Right of Suffrage--Soldier Voting
Art. VI §20Courts Open--Remedy for Injury
Art. VI §21Suspension of Laws Prohibited
Art. VI §22Attainder by Legislature Prohibited
Art. VI §23Excessive Bail or Fines--Cruel Punishments
Art. VI §24Right to Bear Arms
Art. VI §25Treason
Art. VI §26Power Inherent in People--Alteration in Form of Government--Inseparable Part of Union
Art. VI §27Maintenance of Free Government--Fundamental Principles
Art. VI §28Right to Vote by Secret Ballot
Art. VI §29Rights of Crime Victim
Article VII: Elections and Right of Suffrage
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle VII (Elections and Right of Suffrage)
Art. VII §1Right to Vote
Art. VII §2Voter Qualification
Art. VII §3Elections
Art. VII §4Superseded
Art. VII §5Superseded
Art. VII §6Superseded
Art. VII §7Superseded
Art. VII §8Superseded
Art. VII §9Superseded
Art. VII §10Superseded
Article VIII: Education and School Lands
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle VIII (Education and School Lands)
Art. VIII §1Uniform System of Free Public Schools
Art. VIII §2Perpetual Trust Fund for Maintenance of Public Schools--Principal Inviolate
Art. VIII §3Fund Income Apportioned Among Schools--Apportionment of Fines
Art. VIII §4Sale of School Lands--Appraisal
Art. VIII §5Terms of Sale of School Lands
Art. VIII §6Conduct of Sales of School Lands--Conveyance of Right or Title
Art. VIII §7Perpetual Trust Fund from Proceeds of Grants and Gifts
Art. VIII §8Appraisal and Sale of Donated Lands--Separate Accounts
Art. VIII §9Lease of School Lands
Art. VIII §10Trespassers' Claims to Public Lands Not Recognized--Improvements Not Compensated
Art. VIII §11Investment of Permanent Educational Funds
Art. VIII §12Disapproval by Governor of Sale, Lease or Investment
Art. VIII §13Audit of Losses to Permanent Educational Funds--Permanent Debt--Interest
Art. VIII §14Protection and Defense of School Lands
Art. VIII §15Taxation to Support School System--Classification of Property
Art. VIII §16Public Support of Sectarian Instruction Prohibited
Art. VIII §17Interest in Sale of School Equipment Prohibited
Art. VIII §18Apportionment of Mineral Leasing Moneys--Amounts Covered into Permanent Funds
Art. VIII §19Mineral Rights Reserved to State--Leases Permitted
Art. VIII §20Loan of Nonsectarian Textbooks to All School Children
Article IX: Local Government
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle IX (Local Government)
Art. IX §1Organization of Local Government
Art. IX §2Home Rule
Art. IX §3Intergovernmental Cooperation
Art. IX §4Local Initiatives to Provide for Cooperation and Organization of Local Governmental Units
Art. IX §5Superseded
Art. IX §6Superseded
Art. IX §7Superseded
Article X: Municipal Corporations [Repealed]
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle X (Municipal Corporations [Repealed])
Art. X §0[Repealed by Sl 1972, Ch 3, Approved Nov 7, 1972]
Article XI: Revenue and Finance
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XI (Revenue and Finance)
Art. XI §1Annual Tax
Art. XI §2Classification of Property for Taxation--Income
Art. XI §3Corporate Tax Power of State Not Suspended
Art. XI §4Banks and Bankers Taxed
Art. XI §5Public Property Exempt from Taxation--Exceptions
Art. XI §6Property Exempt from Taxation--Personal Property
Art. XI §7Other Exemption Laws Void
Art. XI §8Object of Tax to be Stated--Use of Vehicle and Fuel Taxes
Art. XI §9Taxes Paid into Treasury--Appropriations Required for Expenditure
Art. XI §10Special Assessments for Local Improvements--Taxes for Municipal Purposes
Art. XI §11Unauthorized Use of Public Money as Felony
Art. XI §12Annual Statement of Receipts and Expenditures
Art. XI §13Vote Required to Increase Certain Tax Rates or Valuations
Art. XI §14Vote Required to Impose or Increase Taxes
Art. XI §15Inheritance Tax Prohibited
Article XII: Public Accounts and Expenditures
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XII (Public Accounts and Expenditures)
Art. XII §1Appropriation and Warrant Required for Payment from Treasury
Art. XII §2Contents of General Appropriation Bill--Separate Appropriation Bills
Art. XII §3Extra Compensation Prohibited--Unauthorized Contracts--Change in Compensation of Officers--Appropriations for Defense of State
Art. XII §4Annual Statement Required
Art. XII §5Health Care Trust Fund Established--Investment--Appropriations
Art. XII §6Education Enhancement Trust Fund Established--Investment--Appropriations
Art. XII §7Balanced Budget
Article XIII: Public Indebtedness
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XIII (Public Indebtedness)
Art. XIII §1State Enterprises--Legislative Vote Required--Defense of State--Rural Credits--Maximum Indebtedness
Art. XIII §2Maximum State Debt--Irrepealable Tax to Repay
Art. XIII §3State Debt as in Addition to Territorial Debt
Art. XIII §4Debt Limitations for Municipalities and Political Subdivisions
Art. XIII §5Irrepealable Tax to Repay Debt of Municipality or Political Subdivision
Art. XIII §6Adjustment of Debts and Liabilities of Territory of Dakota
Art. XIII §7Obligation of State to Pay Proportion of Territorial Debt
Art. XIII §8Refunding Bond Issue Authorized for Territorial Debt Payment
Art. XIII §9Road Construction and Coal Supply by State
Art. XIII §10State Cement Enterprises
Art. XIII §11State Pledge to Fund Cement Enterprises
Art. XIII §12State Electric Power Enterprises
Art. XIII §13State Pledge to Fund Electric Power Enterprises
Art. XIII §14State Coal Mining Enterprises
Art. XIII §15State Pledge to Fund Coal Enterprises
Art. XIII §16Works of Internal Improvement--State Indebtedness
Art. XIII §17Home Loans by State--Debt Limitation Inapplicable
Art. XIII §18Compensation of Military and War Relief Personnel--Maximum Indebtedness
Art. XIII §19Bonus Paid to Veterans and Deceased Veterans' Dependents
Art. XIII §20Trust Fund Created with Proceeds from Sale of State Cement Enterprises--Investment
Art. XIII §21Transfers from Trust Fund to General Fund in Support of Education
Article XIV: State Institutions
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XIV (State Institutions)
Art. XIV §1Charitable and Penal Institutions
Art. XIV §2Government of Charitable and Penal Institutions
Art. XIV §3Governance of State Educational Institutions
Art. XIV §4Repealed
Art. XIV §5Mining and Metallurgy to be Taught
Article XV: Militia
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XV (Militia)
Art. XV §1Composition of Militia
Art. XV §2Legislative Provisions for Militia
Art. XV §3Conformity to Federal Regulations
Art. XV §4Commissions of Officers of Militia
Art. XV §5Militia Privileged from Arrest
Art. XV §6Safekeeping of Military Records and Relics
Art. XV §7Conscientious Objectors
Article XVI: Impeachment and Removal from Office
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XVI (Impeachment and Removal from Office)
Art. XVI §1Power of Impeachment in House--Majority Required
Art. XVI §2Trial of Impeachments--Presiding Officer
Art. XVI §3Officers Subject to Impeachment--Grounds--Removal from Office--Criminal Prosecution
Art. XVI §4Removals of Officers Not Subject to Impeachment
Art. XVI §5Suspension of Duties Between Impeachment and Acquittal
Art. XVI §6Lieutenant Governor Not to Try Governor
Art. XVI §7Service of Copy of Impeachment Before Trial Required
Art. XVI §8Impeachment Twice for Same Offense Prohibited
Article XVII: Corporations
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XVII (Corporations)
Art. XVII §1Special Corporation Laws Prohibited--State-Controlled Corporations Excepted
Art. XVII §2Invalidation of Charters Without Bona Fide Organization and Business
Art. XVII §3Laws for Benefit of Corporation as Conditioned on Compliance with Constitutional Provision
Art. XVII §4Corporations Subject to Eminent Domain--Police Power
Art. XVII §5Casting of Votes for Directors or Managers
Art. XVII §6Place of Business and Authorized Agent Required of Foreign Corporation
Art. XVII §7Business to be Expressed in Charter--Real Estate Restricted
Art. XVII §8Stocks and Bonds--Indebtedness Increase
Art. XVII §9Legislature’s Power to Alter, Revise, or Annul Corporate Charters--Creation, Renewal, or Extension
Art. XVII §10Local Consent Required for Grant of Street Railroad Right
Art. XVII §11Construction and Maintenance of Telegraph Lines--Controlling Interest in Competing Company Prohibited
Art. XVII §12Railroad Corporations
Art. XVII §13Movable Property of Railroad Corporation Considered Personalty--Execution and Sale
Art. XVII §14Consolidation of Railroad Lines--Forfeiture of Charter for Evasion of Provisions
Art. XVII §15Railways and Rail Companies Declared Public Highways and Common Carriers--Regulation of Rates
Art. XVII §16Right to Construct and Operate Railroad--Passengers, Tonnage, and Cars
Art. XVII §17Rate Discrimination Prevention
Art. XVII §18Compensation for Private Property Taken for Public Use--Assessment of Damages
Art. XVII §19Corporations Defined
Art. XVII §20Monopolies and Trusts Prohibited--Combinations in Restraint of Trade--Legislative Powers
Art. XVII §21Corporate or Syndicate Farming Prohibited--Definitions--Restrictions
Art. XVII §22Restrictions--Application
Art. XVII §23Loss of Qualification--Requalification or Dissolution
Art. XVII §24Annual Report--Violations--Action and Enforcement
Article XVIII: Banking and Currency
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XVIII (Banking and Currency)
Art. XVIII §1General Banking Law--Provisions Required
Art. XVIII §2Bank to Cease Operations Within Twenty Years of Organization--Reorganization
Art. XVIII §3Liability of Banking Corporation Shareholders and Stockholders--Exemption Under Federal Law
Article XIX: Congressional and Legislative Apportionment
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XIX (Congressional and Legislative Apportionment)
Art. XIX §1Congressional Representatives Elected at Large
Art. XIX §2Senatorial and Representative Districts--Apportionment
Article XX: Seat of Government
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XX (Seat of Government)
Art. XX §1Temporary Seat of Government--Vote
Art. XX §2Permanent Seat of Government--Vote
Art. XX §3Election Between Two Places with Highest Votes if Majority Vote Not Received
Article XXI: Miscellaneous
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXI (Miscellaneous)
Art. XXI §1Seal and Coat of Arms
Art. XXI §2Salary of Constitutional Officers
Art. XXI §3Oath of Office
Art. XXI §4Exemptions
Art. XXI §5Rights of Married Women
Art. XXI §6Drainage of Agricultural Lands
Art. XXI §7Irrigation of Agricultural Lands
Art. XXI §8Hail Insurance
Art. XXI §9Marriage
Art. XXI §10Medicaid Eligibility Expanded
Art. XXI §10{x}Medicaid Eligibility Expanded
Article XXII: Compact with the United States
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXII (Compact with the United States)
Art. XXII §0Compact with the United States
Article XXIII: Amendments and Revisions of the Constitution
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXIII (Amendments and Revisions of the Constitution)
Art. XXIII §1Amendments
Art. XXIII §2Revision
Art. XXIII §3Ratification
Article XXIV: Prohibition [Repealed]
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXIV (Prohibition [Repealed])
Art. XXIV §0[Repealed by Sl 1933, Ch 128]
Article XXV: Minority Representation [Rejected]
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXV (Minority Representation [Rejected])
Art. XXV §0Minority Representation
Article XXVI: Schedule and Ordinance
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXVI (Schedule and Ordinance)
Art. XXVI §1Continuation of Prior Writs, Actions, Claims, and Bodies Corporate--Validation of Previously Issued Process
Art. XXVI §2Fines, Forfeitures, and Escheats of Territory to Accrue to State
Art. XXVI §3Recognizances, Bonds, Obligations, and Undertakings--Criminal Prosecutions and Penal Actions
Art. XXVI §4Civil and Military Officers
Art. XXVI §5Election of Constitution and State Officers--Ballots
Art. XXVI §6Election for Temporary Seat of Government
Art. XXVI §7Conduct of Election
Art. XXVI §8Election Returns
Art. XXVI §9Canvass of Vote--Filing with County Clerks or Auditors
Art. XXVI §10Certification of Senator or Representative from Multi-County District
Art. XXVI §11Delivery of Returns to Proper State Officer--Certification to President--Proclamation of Election Result--Lists of Elected Officers--Certificates of Election
Art. XXVI §12Apportionment of State Legislature--Number of Senators and Representatives Initially Elected
Art. XXVI §13First Assembly of Legislature--Oaths of Office
Art. XXVI §14Election of Two United States Senators--Two Representatives
Art. XXVI §15Adjournment After Election of Senators--Next Meeting
Art. XXVI §16Legislature and Officers to Exercise Necessary and Authorized Powers Only Pending Admission of State into Union
Art. XXVI §17Validity of Ordinances and Schedule
Art. XXVI §18Freedom of Religion--Public Lands--Indian Lands--Uniformity of Taxation--Territorial Debt--Public Schools--Federal Reservations--Irrevocability
Art. XXVI §19Tenure of Elected Officers
Art. XXVI §20Time of General Election
Art. XXVI §21Form of Ballot
Art. XXVI §22Enrollment of Constitution--Delivery to Secretary of State--Inclusion in State Laws--Copy to President of United States
Art. XXVI §23Agreement by Joint Commission Concerning Territorial Records, Books, and Archives
Article XXVII: State Control of Manufacture and Sale of Liquor [Repealed]
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXVII (State Control of Manufacture and Sale of Liquor [Repealed])
Art. XXVII §0[Repealed by Sl 1899, Ch 64]
Article XXVIII: County Investment of Permanent School and Endowment Funds
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXVIII (County Investment of Permanent School and Endowment Funds)
Art. XXVIII §1School and Governmental Bonds--Farm Loans
Article XXIX: State Elevators, Warehouses, Flouring Mills, and Packing Houses
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXIX (State Elevators, Warehouses, Flouring Mills, and Packing Houses)
Art. XXIX §1Provision for Elevators and Warehouses--Marketing of Agricultural Products--Flouring Mills and Packing Houses
Article XXX: Marijuana and Hemp
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XXX (Marijuana and Hemp)
Art. XXX §1Definitions
Art. XXX §2Laws Not Limited or Affected by This Article
Art. XXX §3Employment--Public and Private Property
Art. XXX §4Acts That Are Not Unlawful
Art. XXX §5Civil Penalties
Art. XXX §6Power and Duties of Department
Art. XXX §7Promulgation of Rules
Art. XXX §8Number of Licenses
Art. XXX §9Conduct Permitted by License--Contracts--Professional Services
Art. XXX §10Local Ordinances
Art. XXX §11Excise Tax--Use of Revenue
Art. XXX §12Compliance with Administrative Procedures Act--Mandamus
Art. XXX §13Annual Report
Art. XXX §14Marijuana for Medical Use--Hemp
Art. XXX §15Construction of Article--Severability
Congratulations! You're getting booked up on the South Dakota Constitution!

You'll probably need to reference it during your pursuit of justice (in federal court; in state court; and/or at DOAH).

For instance, this material might help you recover from the damages that lawbreaking judges/lawyers/agencies/organizations have inflicted upon you [and/or the public] (see this example of a Florida judge who outright committed perjury).

Perhaps it'll [even] help you navigate through your state's administrative gauntlet. A gauntlet which might include – but not be limited to: Nevertheless – and as always – please get the justice you deserve.

Sincerely,



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