The Georgia Constitution
| Passage | Title |
|---|---|
| Entire Article | Introductory Article |
| Art. §0 | Introduction |
| Art. 0 §0 ¶0 | Introduction |
| Art. 0 §0 ¶1 | Certificate |
| Art. 0 §0 ¶2 | Preamble |
| Passage | Title |
|---|---|
| Entire Article | Article I (Bill of Rights) |
| Art. I §1 | Rights of Persons |
| Art. I §1 ¶1 | Life, Liberty, and Property |
| Art. I §1 ¶2 | Protection to Person and Property; Equal Protection |
| Art. I §1 ¶3 | Freedom of Conscience |
| Art. I §1 ¶4 | Religious Opinions; Freedom of Religion |
| Art. I §1 ¶5 | Freedom of Speech and of the Press Guaranteed |
| Art. I §1 ¶6 | Libel |
| Art. I §1 ¶7 | Citizens, Protection Of |
| Art. I §1 ¶8 | Arms, Right to Keep and Bear |
| Art. I §1 ¶9 | Right to Assemble and Petition |
| Art. I §1 ¶10 | Bill of Attainder; Ex Post Facto Laws; and Retroactive Laws |
| Art. I §1 ¶11 | Right to Trial by Jury; Number of Jurors; Selection and Compensation of Jurors |
| Art. I §1 ¶12 | Right to the Courts |
| Art. I §1 ¶13 | Searches, Seizures, and Warrants |
| Art. I §1 ¶14 | Benefit of Counsel; Accusation; List of Witnesses; Compulsory Process |
| Art. I §1 ¶15 | Habeas Corpus |
| Art. I §1 ¶16 | Self-Incrimination |
| Art. I §1 ¶17 | Bail; Fines; Punishment; Arrest, Abuse of Prisoners |
| Art. I §1 ¶18 | Jeopardy of Life or Liberty More Than Once Forbidden |
| Art. I §1 ¶19 | Treason |
| Art. I §1 ¶20 | Conviction, Effect Of |
| Art. I §1 ¶21 | Banishment and Whipping as Punishment for Crime |
| Art. I §1 ¶22 | Involuntary Servitude |
| Art. I §1 ¶23 | Imprisonment for Debt |
| Art. I §1 ¶24 | Costs |
| Art. I §1 ¶25 | Status of the Citizen |
| Art. I §1 ¶26 | Exemptions from Levy and Sale |
| Art. I §1 ¶27 | Spouse’s Separate Property |
| Art. I §1 ¶28 | Fishing and Hunting |
| Art. I §1 ¶29 | Enumeration of Rights Not Denial of Others |
| Art. I §1 ¶30 | Rights of Certain Individuals |
| Art. I §2 | Origin and Structure of Government |
| Art. I §2 ¶1 | Origin and Foundation of Government |
| Art. I §2 ¶2 | Object of Government |
| Art. I §2 ¶3 | Separation of Legislative, Judicial, and Executive Powers |
| Art. I §2 ¶4 | Contempts |
| Art. I §2 ¶5 | What Acts Void |
| Art. I §2 ¶6 | Superiority of Civil Authority |
| Art. I §2 ¶7 | Separation of Church and State |
| Art. I §2 ¶8 | Lotteries and Nonprofit Bingo Games |
| Art. I §2 ¶9 | Sovereign Immunity and Waiver Thereof; Claims Against the State and Its Departments, Agencies, Officers, and Employees |
| Art. I §3 | General Provisions |
| Art. I §3 ¶1 | Eminent Domain |
| Art. I §3 ¶2 | Private Ways |
| Art. I §3 ¶3 | Tidewater Titles Confirmed |
| Art. I §4 | Marriage |
| Art. I §4 ¶1 | Recognition of Marriage |
| Passage | Title |
|---|---|
| Entire Article | Article II (Voting and Elections) |
| Art. II §1 | Method of Voting; Right to Register and Vote |
| Art. II §1 ¶1 | Method of Voting |
| Art. II §1 ¶2 | Right to Register and Vote |
| Art. II §1 ¶3 | Exceptions to Right to Register and Vote |
| Art. II §2 | General Provisions |
| Art. II §2 ¶1 | Procedures to be Provided by Law |
| Art. II §2 ¶2 | Run-Off Election |
| Art. II §2 ¶3 | Persons Not Eligible to Hold Office |
| Art. II §2 ¶4 | Recall of Public Officials Holding Elective Office |
| Art. II §2 ¶5 | Vacancies Created by Elected Officials Qualifying for Other Office |
| Art. II §3 | Suspension and Removal of Public Officials |
| Art. II §3 ¶1 | Procedures for and effect of suspending or removing public officials upon felony indictment |
| Art. II §3 ¶2 | Suspension upon felony conviction |
| Passage | Title |
|---|---|
| Entire Article | Article III (Legislative Branch) |
| Art. III §1 | Legislative Power |
| Art. III §1 ¶1 | Power vested in General Assembly |
| Art. III §2 | Composition of General Assembly |
| Art. III §2 ¶1 | Senate and House of Representatives |
| Art. III §2 ¶2 | Apportionment of General Assembly |
| Art. III §2 ¶3 | Qualifications of members of General Assembly |
| Art. III §2 ¶4 | Disqualifications |
| Art. III §2 ¶5 | Election and term of members |
| Art. III §3 | Officers of the General Assembly |
| Art. III §3 ¶1 | President and President Pro Tempore of the Senate |
| Art. III §3 ¶2 | Speaker and Speaker Pro Tempore of the House of Representatives |
| Art. III §3 ¶3 | Other officers of the two houses |
| Art. III §4 | Organization and Procedure of the General Assembly |
| Art. III §4 ¶1 | Meeting, time limit, and adjournment |
| Art. III §4 ¶2 | Oath of members |
| Art. III §4 ¶3 | Quorum |
| Art. III §4 ¶4 | Rules of procedure; employees; interim committees |
| Art. III §4 ¶5 | Vacancies |
| Art. III §4 ¶6 | Salaries |
| Art. III §4 ¶7 | Election and returns; disorderly conduct |
| Art. III §4 ¶8 | Contempts, how punished |
| Art. III §4 ¶9 | Privilege of members |
| Art. III §4 ¶10 | Elections by either house |
| Art. III §4 ¶11 | Open meetings |
| Art. III §5 | Enactment of Laws |
| Art. III §5 ¶1 | Journals and laws |
| Art. III §5 ¶2 | Bills for revenue |
| Art. III §5 ¶3 | One subject matter expressed |
| Art. III §5 ¶4 | Statutes and sections of Code, how amended |
| Art. III §5 ¶5 | Majority of members to pass bill |
| Art. III §5 ¶6 | When roll-call vote taken |
| Art. III §5 ¶7 | Reading of general bills |
| Art. III §5 ¶8 | Procedure for considering local legislation |
| Art. III §5 ¶9 | Advertisement of notice to introduce local legislation |
| Art. III §5 ¶10 | Acts signed |
| Art. III §5 ¶11 | Signature of Governor |
| Art. III §5 ¶12 | Rejected bills |
| Art. III §5 ¶13 | Approval, veto, and override of veto of bills and resolutions |
| Art. III §5 ¶14 | Jointly sponsored bills and resolutions |
| Art. III §6 | Exercise of Powers |
| Art. III §6 ¶1 | General powers |
| Art. III §6 ¶2 | Specific powers |
| Art. III §6 ¶3 | Powers not to be abridged |
| Art. III §6 ¶4 | Limitations on special legislation |
| Art. III §6 ¶5 | Specific limitations |
| Art. III §6 ¶6 | Gratuities |
| Art. III §6 ¶7 | Regulation of alcoholic beverages |
| Art. III §7 | Impeachments |
| Art. III §7 ¶1 | Power to impeach |
| Art. III §7 ¶2 | Trial of impeachments |
| Art. III §7 ¶3 | Judgments in impeachment |
| Art. III §8 | Insurance Regulation |
| Art. III §8 ¶1 | Regulation of insurance |
| Art. III §8 ¶2 | Issuance of licenses |
| Art. III §9 | Appropriations |
| Art. III §9 ¶1 | Public money, how drawn |
| Art. III §9 ¶2 | Preparation, submission, and enactments of general appropriations bill |
| Art. III §9 ¶3 | General appropriations bill |
| Art. III §9 ¶4 | General appropriations Act |
| Art. III §9 ¶5 | Other or supplementary appropriations |
| Art. III §9 ¶6 | Appropriations to be for specific sums |
| Art. III §9 ¶7 | Appropriations void, when |
| Art. III §10 | Retirement Systems |
| Art. III §10 ¶1 | Expenditure of public funds authorized |
| Art. III §10 ¶2 | Increasing benefits authorized |
| Art. III §10 ¶3 | Retirement systems covering employees of county boards of education |
| Art. III §10 ¶4 | Firemen’s Pension System |
| Art. III §10 ¶5 | Funding standards |
| Art. III §10 ¶5A | Limitation on involuntary separation benefits for Governor of the State of Georgia |
| Art. III §10 ¶6 | Involuntary separation; part-time service |
| Passage | Title |
|---|---|
| Entire Article | Article IV (Constitutional Boards and Commissions) |
| Art. IV §1 | Public Service Commission |
| Art. IV §1 ¶1 | Public Service Commission |
| Art. IV §2 | State Board of Pardons and Paroles |
| Art. IV §2 ¶1 | State Board of Pardons and Paroles |
| Art. IV §2 ¶2 | Powers and authority |
| Art. IV §3 | State Personnel Board |
| Art. IV §3 ¶1 | State Personnel Board |
| Art. IV §3 ¶2 | Veterans preference |
| Art. IV §4 | State Transportation Board |
| Art. IV §4 ¶1 | State Transportation Board; commissioner |
| Art. IV §5 | Veterans Service Board |
| Art. IV §5 ¶1 | Veterans Service Board; commissioner |
| Art. IV §6 | Board of Natural Resources |
| Art. IV §6 ¶1 | Board of Natural Resources |
| Art. IV §7 | Qualifications, Compensation, Removal from Office, and Powers and Duties of Members of Constitutional Boards and Commissions |
| Art. IV §7 ¶1 | Qualifications, compensation, and removal from office |
| Art. IV §7 ¶2 | Powers and duties |
| Passage | Title |
|---|---|
| Entire Article | Article V (Executive Branch) |
| Art. V §1 | Election of Governor and Lieutenant Governor |
| Art. V §1 ¶1 | Governor: term of office; compensation and allowances |
| Art. V §1 ¶2 | Election for Governor |
| Art. V §1 ¶3 | Lieutenant Governor |
| Art. V §1 ¶4 | Qualifications of Governor and Lieutenant Governor |
| Art. V §1 ¶5 | Succession to executive power |
| Art. V §1 ¶6 | Oath of office |
| Art. V §2 | Duties and Powers of Governor |
| Art. V §2 ¶1 | Executive powers |
| Art. V §2 ¶2 | Law enforcement |
| Art. V §2 ¶3 | Commander in chief |
| Art. V §2 ¶4 | Veto power |
| Art. V §2 ¶5 | Writs of election |
| Art. V §2 ¶6 | Information and recommendations to the General Assembly |
| Art. V §2 ¶7 | Special sessions of the General Assembly |
| Art. V §2 ¶8 | Filling vacancies |
| Art. V §2 ¶9 | Appointments by Governor |
| Art. V §2 ¶10 | Information from officers and employees |
| Art. V §3 | Other Elected Executive Officers |
| Art. V §3 ¶1 | Other executive officers, how elected |
| Art. V §3 ¶2 | Qualifications |
| Art. V §3 ¶3 | Powers, duties, compensation, and allowances of other executive officers |
| Art. V §3 ¶4 | Attorney General; duties |
| Art. V §4 | Disability of Executive Officers |
| Art. V §4 ¶1 | “Elected constitutional executive officer,” how defined |
| Art. V §4 ¶2 | Procedure for determining disability |
| Art. V §4 ¶3 | Effect of determination of disability |
| Passage | Title |
|---|---|
| Entire Article | Article VI (Judicial Branch) |
| Art. VI §1 | Judicial Power |
| Art. VI §1 ¶1 | Judicial power of the state |
| Art. VI §1 ¶2 | Unified judicial system |
| Art. VI §1 ¶3 | Judges; exercise of power outside own court; scope of term 'judge' |
| Art. VI §1 ¶4 | Exercise of judicial power |
| Art. VI §1 ¶5 | Uniformity of jurisdiction, powers, etc. Except as otherwise provided in this Constitution, the courts of each class shall have uniform jurisdiction, powers, rules of practice and procedure, and selection, qualifications, terms, and discipline of judges |
| Art. VI §1 ¶6 | Judicial circuits; courts in each county; court sessions |
| Art. VI §1 ¶7 | Judicial circuits, courts, and judgeships, law changed |
| Art. VI §1 ¶8 | Transfer of cases |
| Art. VI §1 ¶9 | Rules of evidence; law prescribed |
| Art. VI §1 ¶10 | Authorization for pilot projects |
| Art. VI §2 | Venue |
| Art. VI §2 ¶1 | Divorce cases |
| Art. VI §2 ¶2 | Land titles |
| Art. VI §2 ¶3 | Equity cases |
| Art. VI §2 ¶4 | Suits against joint obligors, copartners, or joint trespassers |
| Art. VI §2 ¶5 | Suits against maker, endorser, etc. |
| Art. VI §2 ¶6 | All other cases |
| Art. VI §2 ¶7 | Venue in third-party practice |
| Art. VI §2 ¶8 | Power to change venue |
| Art. VI §2 ¶9 | Venue of state-wide business court |
| Art. VI §3 | Classes of Courts of Limited Jurisdiction |
| Art. VI §3 ¶1 | Jurisdiction of classes of courts of limited jurisdiction |
| Art. VI §3 ¶2 | Jurisdiction of state-wide business court |
| Art. VI §4 | Superior Courts |
| Art. VI §4 ¶1 | Jurisdiction of superior courts |
| Art. VI §5 ¶1 | Composition of Court of Appeals; Chief Judge |
| Art. VI §5 | Court of Appeals |
| Art. VI §5 ¶2 | Panels as prescribed |
| Art. VI §5 ¶3 | Jurisdiction of Court of Appeals; decisions binding |
| Art. VI §5 ¶4 | Certification of question to Supreme Court |
| Art. VI §5 ¶5 | Equal division of court |
| Art. VI §6 | Supreme Court |
| Art. VI §6 ¶1 | Composition of Supreme Court; Chief Justice; Presiding Justice; quorum; substitute judges |
| Art. VI §6 ¶2 | Exclusive appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court |
| Art. VI §6 ¶3 | General appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court |
| Art. VI §6 ¶4 | Jurisdiction over questions of law from state appellate or federal district or appellate courts |
| Art. VI §6 ¶5 | Review of cases in Court of Appeals |
| Art. VI §6 ¶6 | Decisions of Supreme Court binding |
| Art. VI §7 | Selection, Term, Compensation, and Discipline of Judges |
| Art. VI §7 ¶1 | Selection; term of office |
| Art. VI §7 ¶2 | Qualifications |
| Art. VI §7 ¶3 | Vacancies |
| Art. VI §7 ¶4 | Period of service of appointees |
| Art. VI §7 ¶5 | Compensation and allowances of judges |
| Art. VI §7 ¶6 | Judicial Qualifications Commission; power; composition |
| Art. VI §7 ¶7 | Discipline, removal, and involuntary retirement of judges |
| Art. VI §7 ¶8 | Due process; review by Supreme Court |
| Art. VI §8 | District Attorneys |
| Art. VI §8 ¶1 | District attorneys; vacancies; qualifications; compensation; duties; immunity |
| Art. VI §8 ¶2 | Discipline, removal, and involuntary retirement of district attorneys |
| Art. VI §9 | General Provisions |
| Art. VI §9 ¶1 | Administration of the judicial system; uniform court rules; advice and consent of councils |
| Art. VI §9 ¶2 | Disposition of cases |
| Art. VI §10 | Transition |
| Art. VI §10 ¶1 | Effect of ratification |
| Art. VI §10 ¶2 | Continuation of judges |
| Passage | Title |
|---|---|
| Entire Article | Article VII (Taxation and Finance) |
| Art. VII §1 | Power of Taxation |
| Art. VII §1 ¶1 | Taxation; limitations on grants of tax powers |
| Art. VII §1 ¶2 | Taxing power limited |
| Art. VII §1 ¶3 | Uniformity; classification of property; assessment of agricultural land; utilities |
| Art. VII §2 | Exemptions from Ad Valorem Taxation |
| Art. VII §2 ¶1 | Unauthorized tax exemptions void |
| Art. VII §2 ¶2 | Exemptions from taxation of property |
| Art. VII §2 ¶3 | Exemptions which may be authorized locally |
| Art. VII §2 ¶4 | Current property tax exemptions preserved |
| Art. VII §2 ¶5 | Disabled veteran’s homestead exemption |
| Art. VII §2A | Homeowner’s Incentive Adjustment |
| Art. VII §2A ¶1 | State grants; adjustment amount |
| Art. VII §3 | Purposes and Method of State Taxation |
| Art. VII §3 ¶1 | Taxation; purposes for which powers may be exercised |
| Art. VII §3 ¶2 | Revenue to be paid into general fund |
| Art. VII §3 ¶3 | Grants to counties and municipalities |
| Art. VII §4 | State Debt |
| Art. VII §4 ¶1 | Purposes for which debt may be incurred. The state may incur |
| Art. VII §4 ¶2 | State general obligation debt and guaranteed revenue debt; limitations |
| Art. VII §4 ¶3 | State general obligation debt and guaranteed revenue debt; conditions upon issuance; sinking funds and reserve funds |
| Art. VII §4 ¶4 | Certain contracts prohibited |
| Art. VII §4 ¶5 | Refunding of debt |
| Art. VII §4 ¶6 | Faith and credit of state pledged debt may be validated |
| Art. VII §4 ¶7 | Georgia State Financing and Investment Commission; duties |
| Art. VII §4 ¶8 | State aid forbidden |
| Art. VII §4 ¶9 | Construction |
| Art. VII §4 ¶10 | Assumption of debts forbidden; exceptions |
| Art. VII §4 ¶11 | Section not to unlawfully impair contracts or revive obligations previously voided |
| Art. VII §4 ¶12 | Multiyear contracts for energy efficiency or conservation improvement |
| Art. VII §4 ¶13 | Multiyear rental agreements |
| Passage | Title |
|---|---|
| Entire Article | Article VIII (Education) |
| Art. VIII §1 | Public Education |
| Art. VIII §1 ¶1 | Public education; free public education prior to college or postsecondary level; support by taxation |
| Art. VIII §2 | State Board of Education |
| Art. VIII §2 ¶1 | State Board of Education |
| Art. VIII §3 | State School Superintendent |
| Art. VIII §3 ¶1 | State School Superintendent |
| Art. VIII §4 | Board of Regents |
| Art. VIII §4 ¶1 | University System of Georgia; board of regents |
| Art. VIII §5 | Local School Systems |
| Art. VIII §5 ¶1 | School systems continued; consolidation of school systems authorized; new independent school systems prohibited |
| Art. VIII §5 ¶2 | Boards of education |
| Art. VIII §5 ¶3 | School superintendents |
| Art. VIII §5 ¶4 | Reserved |
| Art. VIII §5 ¶5 | Power of boards to contract with each other |
| Art. VIII §5 ¶6 | Power of boards to accept bequests, donations, grants, and transfers |
| Art. VIII §5 ¶7 | Special schools |
| Art. VIII §6 | Local Taxation for Education |
| Art. VIII §6 ¶1 | Local taxation for education |
| Art. VIII §6 ¶2 | Increasing or removing tax rate |
| Art. VIII §6 ¶3 | School tax collection reimbursement |
| Art. VIII §6 ¶4 | Sales tax for educational purposes |
| Art. VIII §7 | Educational Assistance |
| Art. VIII §7 ¶1 | Educational assistance programs authorized |
| Art. VIII §7 ¶2 | Guaranteed revenue debt |
| Art. VIII §7 ¶3 | Public authorities |
| Art. VIII §7 ¶4 | Waiver of tuition |
| Passage | Title |
|---|---|
| Entire Article | Article IX (Counties and Municipal Corporations) |
| Art. IX §1 | Counties |
| Art. IX §1 ¶1 | Counties a body corporate and politic |
| Art. IX §1 ¶2 | Number of counties limited; county boundaries and county sites; county consolidation |
| Art. IX §1 ¶3 | County officers; election; term; compensation |
| Art. IX §1 ¶4 | Civil service systems |
| Art. IX §2 | Home Rule for Counties and Municipalities |
| Art. IX §2 ¶1 | Home rule for counties |
| Art. IX §2 ¶2 | Home rule for municipalities |
| Art. IX §2 ¶3 | Supplementary powers |
| Art. IX §2 ¶4 | Planning and zoning |
| Art. IX §2 ¶5 | Eminent domain |
| Art. IX §2 ¶6 | Special districts |
| Art. IX §2 ¶7 | Community redevelopment |
| Art. IX §2 ¶8 | Limitation on the taxing power and contributions of counties, municipalities, and political subdivisions |
| Art. IX §2 ¶9 | Immunity of counties, municipalities, and school districts |
| Art. IX §3 | Intergovernmental Relations |
| Art. IX §3 ¶1 | Intergovernmental contracts |
| Art. IX §3 ¶2 | Local government reorganization |
| Art. IX §4 | Taxation Power of County and Municipal Governments |
| Art. IX §4 ¶1 | Power of taxation |
| Art. IX §4 ¶2 | Power of expenditure |
| Art. IX §4 ¶3 | Purposes of taxation; allocation of taxes |
| Art. IX §4 ¶4 | Tax allocation; regional facilities |
| Art. IX §5 | Limitation on Local Debt |
| Art. IX §5 ¶1 | Debt limitations of counties, municipalities, and other political subdivisions |
| Art. IX §5 ¶2 | Special district debt |
| Art. IX §5 ¶3 | Refunding of outstanding indebtedness |
| Art. IX §5 ¶4 | Exceptions to debt limitations |
| Art. IX §5 ¶5 | Temporary loans authorized |
| Art. IX §5 ¶6 | Levy of taxes to pay bonds; sinking fund required |
| Art. IX §5 ¶7 | Validity of prior bond issues |
| Art. IX §6 | Revenue Bonds |
| Art. IX §6 ¶1 | Revenue bonds; general limitations |
| Art. IX §6 ¶2 | Revenue bonds; special limitations |
| Art. IX §6 ¶3 | Development authorities |
| Art. IX §6 ¶4 | Validation |
| Art. IX §6 ¶5 | Validity of prior revenue bond issues |
| Art. IX §7 | Community Improvement Districts |
| Art. IX §7 ¶1 | Creation |
| Art. IX §7 ¶2 | Purposes |
| Art. IX §7 ¶3 | Administration |
| Art. IX §7 ¶4 | Debt |
| Art. IX §7 ¶5 | Cooperation with local governments |
| Art. IX §7 ¶6 | Regulation by general law |
| Passage | Title |
|---|---|
| Entire Article | Article X (Amendments to the Constitution) |
| Art. X §1 | Constitution, How Amended |
| Art. X §1 ¶1 | Proposals to amend the Constitution; new Constitution |
| Art. X §1 ¶2 | Proposals by the General Assembly; submission to the people |
| Art. X §1 ¶3 | Repeal or amendment of proposal |
| Art. X §1 ¶4 | Constitutional convention; how called |
| Art. X §1 ¶5 | Veto not permitted |
| Art. X §1 ¶6 | Effective date of amendments or of a new Constitution |
| Passage | Title |
|---|---|
| Entire Article | Article XI (Miscellaneous Provisions) |
| Art. XI §1 | Miscellaneous Provisions |
| Art. XI §1 ¶1 | Continuation of officers, boards, commissions, and authorities |
| Art. XI §1 ¶2 | Preservation of existing laws; judicial review |
| Art. XI §1 ¶3 | Proceedings of courts and administrative tribunals confirmed |
| Art. XI §1 ¶4 | Continuation of certain constitutional amendments for a period of four years |
| Art. XI §1 ¶5 | Special commission created |
| Art. XI §1 ¶6 | Effective date |
| Art. XI §2 | Table of Amendments |
| Art. XI §2 ¶1 | Table of Amendments |
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For instance, this material might help you recover from the damages that lawbreaking judges/lawyers/agencies/organizations have inflicted upon you [and/or the public] (see this example of a Florida judge who outright committed perjury).
Perhaps it'll [even] help you navigate through your state's administrative gauntlet. A gauntlet which might include – but not be limited to:
- Stage Agency Bribery;
- Stage Agency Corruption;
- Stage Agency Obstruction; and
- Stage Agency Self-Discrimination
Sincerely,
www.TextBookDiscrimination.com
