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The Alabama Constitution

Article I: Declaration of Rights
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle I (Declaration of Rights)
Section 1Equality and Rights of Men
Section 2People Source of Power
Section 3Religious Freedom
Section 3.01Alabama Religious Freedom Amendment
Section 3.02Religious Rights and Liberties
Section 4Freedom of Speech and Press
Section 5Unreasonable Search and Seizure; Search Warrants
Section 6Rights of Persons in Criminal Prosecutions Generally; Self-Incrimination; Due Process of Law; Right to Speedy, Public Trial; Change of Venue
Section 6.01Basic Rights for Crime Victims
Section 7Accusation, Arrest and Detention; Punishment Limited to Laws Established Prior to Offense
Section 8Proceeding Against Person by Information; Grand Jury Not Required in Misdemeanor Cases
Section 9Double Jeopardy; Discharge of Juries from Cases
Section 10Right to Prosecute Civil Cause
Section 11Right to Trial by Jury
Section 12Prosecutions for Libel or for Publication of Papers Investigating Official Conduct of Public Officers
Section 13Courts to be Open; Remedies for All Injuries; Impartiality of Justice
Section 13.5Application of Foreign Law
Section 14State Not to be Made Defendant
Section 15Excessive Fines; Cruel or Unusual Punishment
Section 16Right to Bail; Excessive Bail
Section 17Suspension of Habeas Corpus
Section 18Treason Against the State
Section 19Bills of Attainder of Treason by Legislature Prohibited; Conviction Not to Work Corruption of Blood or Forfeiture of Estate
Section 20Imprisonment for Debts
Section 21Suspension of Laws
Section 22Ex Post Facto Laws; Impairment of Obligations of Contracts; Irrevocable or Exclusive Grants of Special Privileges or Immunities
Section 2-2.20Judicial Commission
Section 24Navigable Waters Declared Free Public Highways; Taxes, Tolls, etc., for Use of Shores or Wharves
Section 25Right to Peaceably Assemble and Petition for Redress of Grievances, etc
Section 26Right to Bear Arms
Section 27Standing Army; Military Subordinate to Civil Power
Section 28Quartering of Soldiers in Houses
Section 29Titles of Nobility, Hereditary Distinction, etc.; Restriction on Appointments to Office
Section 30Immigration, Emigration and Exile
Section 31Residence Not Forfeited by Temporary Absence from State
Section 32Slavery Prohibited; Involuntary Servitude
Section 33Protection of Suffrage
Section 34Property Rights of Aliens
Section 35Objective of Government
Section 36Construction of Declaration of Rights
Section 36.01English as Official Language of State
Section 36.02Sportsperson’s Bill of Rights
Section 36.03Sanctity of Marriage
Section 36.04Mandatory Participation in Health Care System Prohibited
Section 36.05Right to Work
Section 36.06Sanctity of Unborn Life
Article II: State and County Boundaries
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle II (State and County Boundaries)
Section 37State Boundaries Defined
Section 38County Boundaries Ratified and Confirmed
Section 39Arrangement and Designation of County Boundaries; New Counties
Section 40Minimum Distance of County Boundaries from Courthouse
Section 41Removal of Courthouse or County Site
Section 41.02Establishing or Abolishing Branch Courthouse or Division or Branch of Court of Record
Article III: Distribution of Powers of Government
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle III (Distribution of Powers of Government)
Section 42Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branches of Government; Separation of Powers
Section 43Approval of Legislature for Court Orders Requiring Disbursement of State Funds
Section 43.02Administration of County Affairs
Section 43.03Use of Tax Revenues Collected Within Major 21St Century Manufacturing Zones
Article IV: Legislative Department
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle IV (Legislative Department)
Section 44Composition of Legislature
Section 45Style of Laws; Division of Laws; Laws Restricted to One Subject; Amendment or Revival of Laws by Title Only
Section 46Election and Terms of Office of Senators and Representatives; Vacancies in Office
Section 46.01Continuity of Legislature in Event of Enemy Attack
Section 47Qualifications of Senators and Representatives
Section 48Time and Place of Meetings of Legislature; Maximum Length of Sessions
Section 48.01Time and Place of Meetings of Legislature; Biennial Sessions; Organizational Sessions; Election of President Pro Tempore of Senate and Speaker of House of Representatives; Maximum Length of Sessions; Compensation and Travel Allowances of Members of Legislature
Section 48.02Alabama State House
Section 49Compensation and Expenses of Members of Legislature
Section 50Number of Senators and Representatives; Apportionment of Legislators
Section 51Election of President Pro Tem of Senate and Speaker of House of Representatives; Temporary President and Speaker; Officers of Each House; Each House Judge of Election, Returns and Qualifications of Members
Section 52Quorum in Each House
Section 53Rules of Proceedings of Both Houses; Punishment for Contempt or Disorderly Behavior; Enforcement of Process; Protection of Members from Violence, Bribes, etc.; Expulsion of Members
Section 54Expulsion for Corruption Bar to Further Service in Legislature; Punishment for Contempt or Disorderly Behavior Not Bar to Indictment for Same Offense
Section 55Journal of Proceedings of Each House
Section 56Immunity of Legislators
Section 57Doors of Each House to be Open; Exceptions; Restrictions on Admittance to Floor
Section 58Adjournment or Change of Place of Sitting by One House Without Consent of Other House
Section 59Appointment of Legislators to Other Offices During Terms for Which Elected
Section 60Conviction of Certain Crimes Bar to Eligibility for Legislature and to Holding State Office of Trust or Profit
Section 61Laws to be Passed by Bills; Restrictions on Amendments to Bills
Section 62Referral of Bills to Standing Committees
Section 63Number of Readings for Bills; Recordation of Votes on Bills; Majority Vote Required for Passage of Bills
Section 64Procedure for Amendment of Bills; Adoption of Reports of Committees of Conference
Section 65Lotteries and Gift Enterprises Prohibited
Section 66Signature of Bills by Presiding Officer of Each House; Reading of Bills at Length May be Dispensed With
Section 67Number, Duties and Compensation of Officers and Employees of Each House
Section 68Extra Compensation Not to be Granted Public Officer, Employee, Contractor, etc., After Service Rendered or Contract Made; Increase or Decrease of Compensation of Officers During Term of Office
Section 68.01Increasing or Decreasing Salaries, etc., of State and County Officers
Section 69Stationery, Printing, Fuel, etc., to be Furnished by Lowest Responsible Bidder; Conflicts of Interest
Section 70Revenue Bills to Originate in House of Representatives; Preparation of General Revenue Bill; Amendments to Revenue Bills by Senate; Time Limit for Passage of Revenue Bills
Section 71Restrictions on General Appropriation Bill
Section 71.01Paramount Duty of Legislature to Make Basic Appropriations at Regular Sessions
Section 72Payment of Money Out of State Treasury; Publication of Annual Statement of Receipts and Expenditures
Section 73Appropriations to Charitable or Educational Institutions Not Under Absolute Control of State
Section 74Restrictions on Investment of Trust Funds by Executors, Trustees, etc., in Private Corporations
Section 75Change of Venue in Civil and Criminal Cases
Section 76Restrictions on Legislation at Special Sessions
Section 77State Office for Inspection or Measuring of Merchandise, Commodities, etc., Prohibited
Section 78Legislation to Change Seat of Government of State
Section 79Bribery - Solicitation, Acceptance, etc., of Bribes by Legislators
Section 80Bribery - Offer, Gift, etc., of Money, etc., to Executive or Judicial Officers or Members of Legislature to Influence Official Acts
Section 81Offense of Corrupt Solicitation to be Defined by Law
Section 82Disclosure of Personal or Private Interest in Bills, etc., by Legislators
Section 83Voting in Elections by Legislature
Section 84Adoption of Laws to Provide for Arbitration Between Parties
Section 85Periodic Revision and Promulgation of Laws
Section 86Suppression of Dueling
Section 87Deductions from Salaries or Compensation of Public Officers for Neglect of Duty
Section 88Counties to Provide for Maintenance of the Poor
Section 89Municipalities Not to Pass Laws in Conflict with General Laws of State
Section 90Acquisition of Foreign Territory; Rights and Privileges of Inhabitants of Acquired Territory
Section 91Exemption from Taxation of State, County, Municipal, Cemetery and Certain Religious, Educational and Charitable Property
Section 92Rules and Regulations to Ascertain Value of Property Exempted from Sale Under Legal Process
Section 93State Not to Engage in Internal Improvements or Lending Money or Credit for Same; State Interest in Private or Corporate Enterprises; Construction, Maintenance, etc., of Public Roads, Highways and Bridges, Harbors and Seaports and Public Airports and Air Navigation Facilities
Section 93.01Promotion of Catfish Industry
Section 93.02Promotion of Cattle Industry
Section 93.03Eradication or Control of the Boll Weevil in Cotton
Section 93.04Promotion of Grain Industry
Section 93.05Indemnification Program for Peanut Farmers
Section 93.06Promotion of Production, Distribution, etc., of Peanuts, Milk, and Cotton
Section 93.07Promotion of Poultry and Poultry Products
Section 93.08Promotion of Soybean Industry
Section 93.09Promotion of Production, Distribution, etc., of Swine and Swine Products
Section 93.10Organization and Promotion of Sheep and Goat Industry
Section 93.11Drainage Districts
Section 93.12Public Hospitals and Health Facilities
Section 93.13Development of Irrigation Districts
Section 93.14Soil and Water Conservation Commission
Section 93.15Development of Bear Creek Watershed Area
Section 93.16Water Management Districts
Section 93.17Organization and Promotion of Shrimp and Seafood Industry
Section 93.18Grant of Certain Monies to Public or Private Entities for Broadband Infrastructure
Section 94Political Subdivisions Not to Grant Public Money or Lend Credit to Individuals or Corporations; Alienation of Recreational Facilities and Housing Projects by Political Subdivisions and Public Bodies; Expenditures by Local School Boards of Education for Recognition of Contributions to Public Education
Section 94.01Promotion of Economic and Industrial Development by County Commission
Section 94.02Tax Increment Districts in Counties and Municipalities
Section 95Impairing Obligation of Contracts; Revival of Barred Rights or Remedies; Removal of Cause of Action or Defense to Suit After Commencement of Suit
Section 96Uniformity of Laws Regulating Court Costs and Charges and Fees, Commissions and Allowances of Public Officers
Section 96.01Salaries, Fees, etc., of County Officials Charged with Assessing and Collecting Ad Valorem Taxes; Abolishment, Combination or Alteration of Offices of Tax Assessor, Tax Collector or License Commissioner
Section 97Payment of Salary of Deceased Officer After Date of Death
Section 98Payments or Grants to Retiring Officers
Section 99Restrictions on Donation or Sale of State Lands to Private Corporations or Individuals; Grant of Easements to Railroad, Telephone and Telegraph Companies
Section 100Obligations and Liabilities of Corporations, etc., Held or Owned by State, Counties or Municipalities
Section 101Lobbying in Legislature by State or County Officials
Section 103Regulation, etc., of Common Carriers, Partnerships, Associations, Trusts, Monopolies and Combinations of Capital
Section 104Special, Private or Local Laws - Prohibited in Certain Cases
Section 104.01Election of City Boards of Education - Population 125,000 or Less
Section 104.02Election of City Boards of Education - Population Exceeding 125,000
Section 105Special, Private or Local Laws - Prohibited in Cases Provided for by General Law; Exception as to Time of Holding Courts; Partial Repeal of General Laws
Section 106Special, Private or Local Laws - Publication or Posting of Notice of Intent to Apply Therefor Within County or Counties Affected Prior to Introduction of Bill
Section 106.01Validation of Certain Population Based Acts and Method for Amendment Thereof
Section 107Special, Private or Local Laws - Notice Required by Section 106 Prerequisite to Repeal or Amendment
Section 108Suspension of General Laws for Benefit of Individuals or Private Corporations; Exemption of Individuals or Private Corporations from Operation of General Laws
Section 109General Laws for Protection of Local and Private Interests
Section 110General Law, "Local Law" and "Special Law" Defined
Section 111Amendment of Bill Introduced as General Law So as to Become Special, Private or Local Law on Passage
Section 111.01Laws Placing Responsibility for County Roads in State Highway Department
Section 111.02Termination of Alimony Upon Remarriage or Cohabitation of Spouse
Section 111.03Effectiveness of Laws Providing for Expenditure of County Funds
Section 111.04Effectiveness of Laws Providing for Expenditure of Municipal Funds
Section 111.05Effectiveness of Unfunded Mandates for Municipalities, etc
Section 111.06Expenditure of Fees or Taxes Relating to Use, etc., of Vehicles and to Fuels Used for Vehicles
Section 111.07Maximum Age Limitations on Certain Appointed or Elected Officials Prohibited
Section 111.08Implementation Date of Laws Providing for Conduct of the General Election
Article V: Executive Department
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle V (Executive Department)
Section 112Composition; Officers Enumerated
Section 113Supreme Executive Power Vested in Governor
Section 114Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney-General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries - How Elected; When Election Held
Section 115Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney-General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries - Returns of Election Transmitted to Speaker of House of Representatives; Opening and Publication of Election Returns; Duties of Speaker and Legislature Ministerial in Opening and Publication of Votes; Person Having Highest Number of Votes Elected; Tie Votes; Contested Elections
Section 116Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries - Term of Office; Officers May Succeed Selves for One Additional Term
Section 117Qualifications of Governor and Lieutenant Governor; Lieutenant Governor Ex Officio President of Senate
Section 118Compensation and Residency Requirements for Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney-General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries
Section 119Increase in Salary of Governor at Session of Legislature Following Ratification of Constitution
Section 120Governor to Faithfully Execute Laws
Section 121Governor May Require Reports from Officers of Executive Department and Officers and Managers of State Institutions; False Reports or Failure to File Reports Constitutes Impeachable Offense
Section 122Governor Authorized to Convene Legislature on Extraordinary Occasions; Proclamation of Governor to State Matters on Which Action Necessary
Section 123Reports and Information to be Given Legislature by Governor; Presentation of Budget to Legislature
Section 124Authority of Governor to Grant Reprieves and Commutations to Persons Under Sentence of Death; Legislature to Regulate Administration of Pardons, Paroles, Remission of Fines and Forfeitures, Suspension of Sentences and Probation; Pardon Not Relief from Civil and Political Disabilities Unless Specifically Provided
Section 125Presentation of Bills to Governor for Signature; Veto Power of Governor; Procedure for Passage of Bill After Veto by Governor; Effect of Failure of Governor to Sign Bill
Section 126Authority of Governor to Veto Items in Appropriation Bills
Section 127Succession to Office of Governor; Filling of Vacancy When Offices of Governor and Lieutenant Governor Both Vacant; Procedure When Governor or Successor Impeached, Absent from State, Disabled, etc.; Failure of Governor-Elect, Lieutenant Governor-Elect, etc., to Qualify
Section 128Procedure When Governor or Acting Governor Appears to be of Unsound Mind
Section 129Compensation of Acting Governor
Section 130Holding Office in Addition to That of Governor
Section 131Military Powers of Governor
Section 132Qualifications of Attorney-General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries
Section 133Great Seal of State
Section 134Duties of Secretary of State Generally
Section 135Issuance and Execution of Grants and Commissions
Section 136Vacancy in Office or Unsoundness of Mind of Attorney-General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, or Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries
Section 137Duties Generally and Restrictions on Receipt of Fees, etc., by Attorney General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries; Annual Reports by State Treasurer and State Auditor; Attorney General May be Required to Defend Suits Against State, Political Subdivisions, Officers, etc
Section 138Election and Term of Office of Sheriffs; Sheriff Eligible to Succeed Self; Impeachment of Sheriff; Effect of Impeachment of Sheriff
Section 138.01Appointments and Promotions in Civil Service
Section 138.02Conveyance of Alabama State Docks Department Property
Section 138.03Use of Assets of State Retirement Systems
Section 138.04Health Care Benefits for Retired State and Education Employees
Article VI: Judicial Department
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle VI (Judicial Department)
Section 139Judicial Power
Section 140The Supreme Court
Section 141Courts of Appeals
Section 142Circuit Court
Section 143District Court
Section 144Probate Court
Section 145Municipal Courts
Section 146Qualifications of Judges
Section 147Prohibited Activities
Section 148Judicial Compensation
Section 149Administration
Section 150Power to Make Rules
Section 151Number of Circuit and District Judges
Section 152Election of Judges
Section 153Vacancies in Judicial Office
Section 154Tenure of Office
Section 155Retirement
Section 155.01Retirement - District Attorneys and Circuit Clerks
Section 156Judicial Inquiry Commission
Section 157Court of the Judiciary
Section 158Impeachment Provisions in Article Vii, Section 173 to Apply to Supreme Court Justices and Appellate Judges
Section 159Disqualification
Section 160District Attorneys, Clerks, Court Revenue
Section 161Continuation of Courts, District Attorneys, Clerks
Section 162Designation of Circuit Solicitor as District Attorney
Article VII: Impeachments
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle VII (Impeachments)
Section 173Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, Members of the State Board of Education, Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries, and Justices of Supreme Court
Section 174Judges of the District and Circuit Courts, Judges of the Probate Courts, Judges of Courts from Which Appeal May be Taken Directly to Supreme Court, District Attorneys, and Sheriffs
Section 175County Officers, and Officers of an Incorporated City or Town
Section 176Limitation on Impeachment Penalties; Accused Person Liable to Indictment and Punishment
Article VIII: Suffrage and Elections
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle VIII (Suffrage and Elections)
Section 177Suffrage and Elections
Article IX: Representation
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle IX (Representation)
Section 197Ratio of Senators to Representatives
Section 198Maximum Number of Members of House of Representatives; Apportionment of House Based on Decennial Census of United States
Section 199Duty of Legislature to Fix Number of Representatives and Apportion Them Among Counties Following Each Decennial Census; Each County Entitled to at Least One Representative
Section 200Duty of Legislature to Fix Number of Senators and Divide State into Senatorial Districts; Equality of Senatorial Districts; Senatorial Districts Not to be Changed Until Next Apportioning Session; Division of Counties Between Senatorial Districts Prohibited; Counties Within Senatorial Districts to be Contiguous
Section 201State May Provide for Enumeration of Inhabitants for Purpose of Apportionment of Representatives and Senators
Article X: Exemptions
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle X (Exemptions)
Section 204Personal Property of Value of One Thousand Dollars Exempt from Sale, Execution or Other Process of Court Issued for Collection of Debt
Section 205Homestead Not Exceeding Eighty Acres or City, Town or Village Lot Not Exceeding Two Thousand Dollars in Value Exempt from Sale, Execution or Other Process of Court Issued for Collection of Debt; Exception as to Mortgages
Section 206Homestead of Family Exempt from Payments of Debt After Death of Owner During Minority of Children
Section 207Laborers' Liens and Mechanics' Liens Not Barred by Sections 204 and 205
Section 208Homestead Exempt Upon Death of Owner, Leaving Widow, but No Children
Section 209Property Rights of Females; Property of Wife Not Liable for Debts, etc., of Husband
Section 210Waiver of Right of Exemption
Article XI: Taxation
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XI (Taxation)
Section 211Property Taxes to be Assessed in Exact Proportion to Value of Property
Section 211.01Income Taxes
Section 211.02Disposition of Income Tax; Exemption of Homesteads from State Ad Valorem Tax
Section 211.03State Tax on Net Income of Corporations
Section 211.04Deduction of Federal Income Tax from Gross Income When Computing State Income Tax
Section 212Power to Levy Taxes Not to be Delegated
Section 213Creation of State Debt After Ratification of Constitution; Temporary Loans; Refunding Bonds for Existing Indebtedness; Payment of Interest on Certain Outstanding and Unpaid State Warrants; Sinking Fund for Payment of Floating Indebtedness; Warrants Not to be Drawn on State Treasury Unless Money Available for Payment; Unpaid Appropriations for Which Money Unavailable at End of Fiscal Year
Section 213.01State Works of Internal Improvement Along Navigable Waterways and Indebtedness Therefor
Section 213.02Bonds for State Docks Facilities
Section 213.03Bonds for State Docks Facilities
Section 213.04Navigable Waterway Between Demopolis and Tennessee River and Flood Control Projects on Tributary Streams of Tombigbee River
Section 213.05Bonds for State Docks Facilities
Section 213.06Works of Internal Improvement Along Navigable Waterways
Section 213.07Bonds for Theodore Ship Channel Project in Mobile Harbor
Section 213.08Navigable Waterway Between Montgomery and Gadsden and to the Alabama-Georgia Boundary
Section 213.09Works of Internal Improvement Along Navigable Waterways
Section 213.10Development, Improvement, etc., of State Docks Facilities at Port of Mobile
Section 213.11Bonds, etc., for Navigable Waterway Between Demopolis and Tennessee River and Tombigbee Valley Projects
Section 213.12Bonds of Alabama State Docks Department Not Debt of State
Section 213.13Deepening, Widening and Extending of Federal Channel at Bayou La Batre and Acquisition, Development, etc., of Cargo Handling Facilities of State Docks at Port of Mobile
Section 213.14Bonds for Construction and Improvement Purposes at Alabama Institute for Deaf and Blind
Section 213.15Bonds for Construction and Improvement Purposes at University of Alabama Medical Center
Section 213.16Bonds for Construction and Improvement Purposes at the Alabama Polytechnic Institute
Section 213.17Bonds for Construction and Improvement Purposes at University of Alabama Research Institute
Section 213.18Issuance of Revenue Securities by Institutions of Learning
Section 213.19Indebtedness by State for Textile Technology and Education Facilities
Section 213.20Indebtedness by State for Animal and Livestock Diagnostic Services and Education Facilities
Section 213.21Indebtedness by State for Forensic Sciences Laboratories and Education Facilities
Section 213.22Bonds for State Board of Health Hospitals and District Tuberculosis Sanitoria
Section 213.23Bond Issue for Building Construction and Improvement Purpose at Alabama State Hospitals and Partlow State School for Mental Deficients
Section 213.24Increasing Rate of Interest and Other Matters Relating to Bonds Authorized Under Section 213.23
Section 213.25Bond Issue to Assist in Construction and Equipment of Hospitals, etc
Section 213.26Increasing Rate of Interest and Other Matters Relating to Bonds Issued Under Section 213.25
Section 213.27Bond Issue for Mental Hospital at University of Alabama Medical Center
Section 213.28Bond Issue to Assist in Construction and Equipment of Hospitals, etc
Section 213.29Bond Issue for Acquisition, Improvement, etc., of Mental Health Facilities
Section 213.30Bonds for Acquisition, Construction, etc., of Mental Health Facilities
Section 213.31Bond Issue to Acquire, Develop, etc., State Parks and Park Facilities
Section 213.32Indebtedness by State for State Parks System and Historical Sites
Section 213.321Bonds for State Parks, Public Historical Sites, and Public Historical Parks
Section 213.325Use of Parks Funding
Section 213.33Bonds for Penal and Correctional Facilities
Section 213.34Issuance of Interest Bearing Bonds for Specified Purposes
Section 213.35Alabama Music Hall of Fame Authority
Section 213.36Bonds for Display of Certain Exhibits in Madison County
Section 213.37Appropriation of Cellular Radio Telecommunication Service Tax Funds for Payment on Outstanding Bonds of Alabama Revolving Loan Fund Authority
Section 213.38Road Bond Issue Amendment
Section 213.39State Roads, Highways and Bridges - Bond Issue
Section 213.40Bonds to Pay or Retire Alabama Bridge Commission Bonds
Section 213.41Bond Issue for Acquiring, etc., Public Roads, Highways and Bridges in Conjunction with United States
Section 214Limitation on State Property Tax Rate
Section 37-11.40Lien for Failure to Pay Fee
Section 215Limitation on County Property Tax Rates; Special County Taxes for Public Buildings, Bridges or Roads; Disposition of Revenue from Special Tax
Section 215.01Additional County Taxes for County Hospitals
Section 215.02Special Tax for Hospital and Public Health Purposes in Counties Except Mobile, Montgomery and Jefferson
Section 215.03Special County Tax for Public Hospital Purposes
Section 215.04Use of Certain Special County Taxes for Hospital Care and Treatment of Indigent Residents
Section 215.05Special Property Tax by Counties or Municipalities for Library Purposes
Section 216Limitation on Property Tax Rates of Municipal Corporations
Section 216.01Municipal Tax Amendment
Section 216.02Tax Rates in Certain Municipalities
Section 216.03Tax Rates in Jasper, Cordova, Dora, Oxford, Talladega, Citronelle, Girard, Albany and Tuscaloosa
Section 216.04Additional Municipal Taxes
Section 216.05Municipal Taxation for Capital Improvements
Section 217Classification of Taxable Property for Purposes of Ad Valorem Taxation; Taxable Property to be Taxed by State, Counties, Municipalities, etc., at Same Rate; Assessment Ratios for Purposes of Ad Valorem Taxation; Increase or Decrease of Assessment Ratios by Counties, Municipalities, etc.; Increase or Decrease of Ad Valorem Tax Rates by Counties, Municipalities, etc.; Maximum Amount of Ad Valorem Tax; Certain Property to be Assessed at Current Use Value and Not Market Value; Exemption of Certain Property from Ad Valorem Taxation; Interpretation of Authority for Counties, Municipalities, etc., to Levy Taxes, Borrow Money, etc., in Relation to Assessment of Property; Counties, Municipalities, etc., Authorized to Levy Additional Ad Valorem Tax for Costs of Certain Statewide Reappraisal of Property
Section 218Counties and Municipal Corporations Exempt from Payment of Charges Payable from State Treasury
Section 219Estate Taxes
Section 219.01Game and Fish Fund
Section 219.02Alabama Trust Fund
Section 219.03Investment of Capital and Income from Alabama Heritage Trust Fund or Alabama Trust Fund
Section 219.04County and Municipal Government Capital Improvement Trust Fund; Alabama Capital Improvement Trust Fund
Section 219.041Increase in Bonding Authority; Competitive Bidding
Section 219.042Maximum Aggregate Principal Limitations on General Obligation Bonds
Section 219.043Distributions from Alabama Trust Fund for Additional Payments to Fund Bonds
Section 219.05Distribution of Alabama Trust Fund Income
Section 219.06Penny Trust Fund Established for Promotion of Public Health and Public Schools
Section 219.07Acquisition, Maintenance and Protection of Unique Lands and Water Areas
Section 219.08Forever Wild Land Trust
Section 219.09Distributions from Alabama Trust Fund; Distributions from County and Municipal Government Capital Improvement Trust Fund
Article XII: Corporations
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XII (Corporations)
Section 220Consent of Municipal Corporation Prerequisite to Use of Public Property for Public Utility or Private Enterprise Purposes
Section 221Payment of State License Tax, etc., Not to Excuse Payment of Other Privilege and License Taxes
Section 222Issuance of Bonds by Counties, Municipal Corporations, Districts and Other Political Subdivisions of Counties
Section 222.01Issuance of Revenue Bonds and Other Revenue Securities by Municipalities
Section 222.02Bonds and Other Securities Issued by Certain Public Corporations
Section 222.03Bonds for Voting Machines
Section 222.04Bonds for Enlargement, etc., of Municipally-Owned Manufacturing, Industrial or Commercial Projects
Section 222.05Certain County Revenue Securities Not to Constitute Bonds or Indebtedness
Section 223Limitation on Assessments for Public Improvements by Municipal Corporations
Section 41-11.20Lee County Municipalities
Section 225Indebtedness of Municipal Corporations - Limitation; Exception as to Sheffield and Tuscumbia; Limitation Not Applicable to Obligations or Indebtedness Exempted by Constitution or Amendments Thereto
Section 225.01Certain Obligations of Municipality Having Less Than 6,000 Inhabitants Not Indebtedness Within Meaning of Section 225
Section 226Indebtedness of Municipal Corporations - Municipal Corporations Whose Present Indebtedness Exceeds Constitutional Limitation; Exception as to Sheffield and Tuscumbia
Section 227Liability of Public Utilities in Municipal Corporations for Damages to Abutting Property Owners
Section 228Maximum Term of Public Utility Franchises in Cities and Towns Having Population of Six Thousand or More
Section 228.01Trust Funds for Continuing Benefit of Certain Cities
Section 229Authority of Legislature to Pass General Laws Pertaining to Corporations and Other Entities
Section 235Taking of Property for Public Use by Municipal and Other Corporations
Section 238Authority of Legislature to Revoke Charters of Incorporation
Section 239Telegraph and Telephone Companies
Section 240Corporations May Sue and be Sued Like Natural Persons
Section 241Corporation Defined
Section 242When Railroads and Canals Deemed Public Highways; Railroad and Canal Companies; Common Carriers; Rights of Railroad Companies Generally
Article XIII: Banks and Banking
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XIII (Banks and Banking)
Section 247Authority of Legislature
Section 255Applicability of Article
Article XIV: Education
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XIV (Education)
Section 256Educational Policy of State; Authority of Legislature to Provide for or Authorize Establishment and Operation of Schools by Persons, Municipalities, etc.; Grant, Donation, Sale or Lease of Funds and Property for Educational Purposes
Section 257Principal from Sale, etc., of School Property to be Preserved; Disposition of Income Therefrom
Section 258Property Donated or Appropriated for Educational Purposes and Estates of Persons Dying Without Will or Heirs to be Applied to Furtherance of Education
Section 260Certain Income to be Applied to Support and Furtherance of Education; Special Annual Tax for Education; Maximum Annual Levy on Taxable Property; Priority for Payment of Bonded Indebtedness of State; Proceeds of Certain Taxes to be Used for Support and Furtherance of Education
Section 260.02Education Trust Fund Rainy Day Account
Section 261Percentage of School Funds for Teachers' Salaries
Section 262Selection, Qualifications, Powers, Duties and Tenure of State Board of Education and Superintendent of Education
Section 263School Funds Not to be Used for Support of Sectarian or Denominational Schools
Section 264Board of Trustees of State University
Section 265Annual Payment of Interest on Funds of University of Alabama; Authority to Abolish Military System at University
Section 266Board of Trustees of Auburn University
Section 267Change of Location of Alabama Polytechnic Institute, Alabama Schools for the Deaf and Blind or Alabama Girls Industrial School
Section 268Provision for Taking School Census
Section 269Special County Educational Taxes
Section 269.01Special County Tax for Public School Purposes
Section 269.02Special District Tax for Public School Purposes
Section 269.03Disposition of Special School Tax Funds
Section 269.04Additional Property Tax for County Educational Purposes
Section 269.05Additional Special District School Tax
Section 269.06Ratification of Public School Taxes
Section 269.07Levy and Collection of District School Tax
Section 269.08Minimum Ad Valorem Tax Rate for General School Purposes
Section 270Applicability of Article to Mobile County
Article XV: Militia
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XV (Militia)
Section 271Composition of Militia; Organizing, Arming and Disciplining Militia; Naval Militia May be Organized
Section 272Conformance with Regulations of United States Department of Defense and Laws of United States; Administration of Military Affairs by Military Department and Adjutant General
Section 273Appointment, Suspension, Discharge, Removal and Retirement of Officers of State Military Forces; Qualifications of Personnel of Federally-Recognized National Guard
Section 274Volunteer Organizations
Section 275Immunity of Members from Arrest While Attending, Going to or Returning from Musters, Parades and Elections
Section 276Appointment of Adjutant General, General Officers and Governor’s Staff
Section 277Safe Keeping of Arms, Ammunition, Military Records, etc
Section 278Officers and Men Not Entitled to Compensation When Not in Active Service
Article XVI: Oath of Office
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XVI (Oath of Office)
Section 279Required of Members of Legislature and Executive and Judicial Officers; Form; Administration
Article XVII: Miscellaneous Provisions
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XVII (Miscellaneous Provisions)
Section 280Holding State and Federal Office at Same Time; Holding Two State Offices at Same Time
Section 281Compensation of Civil Officers Not to be Increased or Diminished During Term for Which Elected or Appointed
Section 282Duty of Legislature to Enact Laws to Effectuate Constitution
Section 283Validation of Certain Acts Relating to Bonded Debt of State; Governor Authorized to Act Thereunder
Article XVIII: Mode of Amending the Constitution
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XVIII (Mode of Amending the Constitution)
Section 284Manner of Proposing Amendments; Submission of Amendments to Electors; Election on Amendments; Proclamation of Result of Election; Basis of Representation in Legislature Not to be Changed by Amendment
Section 284.01Proposed Constitutional Amendments Affecting Only One County
Section 285Election Ballots; Affirmative Vote of Majority of Electors Voting Required for Passage
Section 286Manner of Calling Convention for Purpose of Altering or Amending Constitution; Repeal of Act or Resolution Calling Convention; Jurisdiction and Power of Convention Not Restricted
Section 286.01Procedure for Ratification and Adoption of Proposed Constitution of Alabama
Section 286.02Recompilation of Constitution of Alabama
Section 286.03Renumbering and Placement of Amendments in the Constitution of Alabama of 2022; Validity of Judicial Interpretations; Transfer of Annotations
Section 287Votes by Legislature on Proposed Amendments or Bills or Resolutions Calling Conventions; Acts or Resolutions Proposing Amendments or Calling Conventions Not to be Submitted to Governor for Approval
Congratulations! You're getting booked up on the Alabama Constitution!

You'll probably need to reference it during your pursuit of justice (in federal court; in state court; and/or at DOAH).

For instance, this material might help you recover from the damages that lawbreaking judges/lawyers/agencies/organizations have inflicted upon you [and/or the public] (see this example of a Florida judge who outright committed perjury).

Perhaps it'll [even] help you navigate through your state's administrative gauntlet. A gauntlet which might include – but not be limited to: Nevertheless – and as always – please get the justice you deserve.

Sincerely,



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